ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF OPTIMIZATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF GRAIN PRODUCTION

Abstract

Developing on-farm grain processing is a priority for improving the economic efficiency of grain-growing organizations. Ten economic and mathematical problems based on the proposed model were developed and solved using MS Excel for the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory. The solutions covered various parameterization options and constraints characteristic of a typical agricultural enterprise engaged in both production and processing of grain products. The analysis resulted in the selection of four scenarios reflecting typical business configurations for an agricultural enterprise combining the cultivation and processing of grain and legume crops. These scenarios formed the basis for optimization calculations, which enabled the determination of rational parameters for the production structure, capacity utilization, resource consumption, and output volumes, taking into account the criterion of profit maximization. The introduction of processing ensures a 20-25% increase in enterprise revenue, with the maximum value achieved by specializing in wheat processing or a combined option. Profitability increases from 50.5% to 58-59.2%. An increase in the efficiency of using limited resources (arable land, labor) is noted, which is reflected in the growth of revenue and profit per unit of area and working time.