STRUCTURE OF GDP OF THE EAEU COUNTRIES: COMPARATIVE MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Abstract

The article presents a comparative macroeconomic analysis of the gross domestic product (GDP) structure of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), including Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia, for the period 2019-2023. The objective of the study is to identify the features of the GDP distribution by main components - final consumption, gross accumulation and net export of goods and services - in order to assess the macroeconomic stability and balance of economic growth of the member countries of the union. The research methodology is based on a deductive approach and analysis of official statistical data provided by the Eurasian Economic Commission. Comparative-analytical and descriptive methods are used aimed at establishing cause-and-effect relationships between the GDP structure and internal/external development factors. The results of the study show the presence of stable differences in the economic models of the EAEU countries. Russia and Kazakhstan have a balanced GDP structure and maintain a positive foreign trade balance, while Armenia and Kyrgyzstan are characterized by a high consumer burden and import dependence. The integration mechanisms of the EAEU contribute to the convergence of investment models, but do not eliminate structural asymmetries. The practical significance of the work lies in the substantiation of directions for leveling macroeconomic disproportions and increasing the effectiveness of economic coordination within the union.